hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle: a review on epidemiology and strategies for prevention in endemic and non-endemic areas

pasteurellosis of cattle and buffalo named as hemorrhagic septicemia (hs) is an acute and fatal disease causes by pasteurella multocida serotypes b2 and e2 in different countries. hs is occurred in all parts of the world except australia. economic importance of disease in asia is more than africa. bovine pasteurellosis is endemic in northern areas (gilan and mazandaran), west and east azarbayjan, ardabil and khozestan provinces in iran. its occurrence in other parts of the country is sporadic. vaccination is the most effective method for prevention of the disease. apparently healthy but carrier animals have basic roles in transferring the disease from endemic to non-endemic areas. in this article the epidemiology of hs is reviewed and the main strategies for control and prevention of the disease is explained.